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根据1964～1965年及1997～1999年在南海北部采集的深水金线鱼生物学资料,对该鱼种群体结构、资源密度分布及其季节变化、生长和死亡参数及摄食习性进行了研究.结果表明,深水金线鱼的渔获样品体长范围为4.2～21.5cm,体重范围为2.9～241g,分别以9.6～14.0cm和27～59g占优势.资源密度以春季最高、夏季最低,分别为9.92kg.km-2和5.53kg.km-2.分布的区域性变化明显,在水深60～150m之间,深水金线鱼的渔获量随水深的增加而增大.深水金线鱼的食物以长尾类、鱼类和头足类为主.应用FiSATⅡ软件的ELEFANⅠ技术拟合的von Bertalanffy生长方程参数分别为L∞=22.39cm、k=0.44a-1及t0=-0.63a;用Pauly经验公式计算的自然死亡系数为M=0.94;以长度变换渔获曲线法估算的总死亡系数为Z=2.65.运用Beverton-Holt模型分析的结果表明,该群体的最适捕捞死亡系数为F=2.9,最适开捕年龄和体长分别为1.1a和12.0cm.目前该群体已处捕捞过度状态,以捕捞幼鱼问题较为突出.建议南海北部深水金线鱼的最小可捕规格为体长12.0cm.
The population structure, distribution of resource density and its seasonal variation, growth and mortality parameters and feeding habits were studied based on the biological data collected from the northern part of South China Sea from 1964 to 1965 and from 1997 to 1999. Results The results showed that the body length of the captured samples ranged from 4.2 to 21.5 cm in body weight and ranged from 2.9 to 241 g in weight, which were dominated by 9.6-14.0 cm and 27-59 g, respectively, with the highest in spring and the lowest in summer, which were 9.92kg.km-2 and 5.53kg.km-2. The catch of the golden-thread fish increased with the increase of water depth at the depth of 60-150m. The food mainly consisted of long-tailed, fish and cephalopod.The parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equation fitted by ELEFAN Ⅰ technology using FiSATⅡ software were L∞ = 22.39cm, k = 0.44a-1 and t0 = -0.63a, respectively; The natural death coefficient calculated by the Pauly empirical formula is M = 0.94, and the total mortality estimated by the length-varying catching curve method is Z = 2.65.The results of Beverton-Holt model analysis showed that the optimal fishing mortality coefficient of this group was F = 2.9, the optimal harvesting age and body length were 1.1a and 12.0cm, respectively It is suggested that the minimum catchable size of the golden-thread fish in the northern South China Sea is 12.0 cm in body length.