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目的探讨建立预防和控制中小学生伤害发生的措施和对其效果的评价。方法采取干预前后对比和无干预对照的方式进行评价。干预组为1999年开展伤害发生现况调查的原五所中小学中的1733名学生,实施以安全促进教育为主的综合干预措施;对照组为各方面条件基本相似而未实施任何干预措施的两所中小学生的610名学生;一年后两个组重进行伤害调查,观察比较伤害发生率与严重程度等指标的变化。结果干预组伤害总发生率为25.3%,比干预前与对照组的51.0%都低一半;多发性伤害率为3.1%,较对照组的15.9%低80.5%,而且重度伤害率与人均受伤次数都比对照组分别低40.0%与42.3%;干预组的人均缺课天数为2.5天,较干预前的5.2天与对照组的3.8天都明显低。结论以安全促进为主的干预措施能有效预防和控制中小学生的伤害发生。
Objective To explore the measures to prevent and control primary and secondary school students from injury and to evaluate their effectiveness. Methods Before and after the intervention compared with non-intervention control way to evaluate. In the intervention group, 1733 students from the five primary and secondary schools that conducted the survey on the incidence of injuries in 1999 were engaged in comprehensive interventions mainly based on education for safety and education. The control group consisted of two groups with similar conditions and no interventions 610 primary and secondary students; one year later, the two groups conducted a survey of injuries and observed the changes in the incidence and severity of injury. Results The total incidence of injury in the intervention group was 25.3%, which was lower than that in the control group by 51.0%. The incidence of multiple injuries was 3.1%, which was 80.5% lower than that of the control group (15.9%), and the rate of severe injuries and the number of injuries per capita Were 40.0% and 42.3% lower than the control group respectively. The number of days missed by the intervention group was 2.5 days, which was significantly lower than the 5.2 days before the intervention and 3.8 days after the control group. Conclusions Safety-based interventions can effectively prevent and control the harm of primary and secondary school students.