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目的通过了解北京市平谷区病毒性肝炎流行病学特征及流行趋势,为控制病毒性肝炎预防策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学分析。结果报告的297例中,男性201例,占67.68%;女性96例,占32.32%;男女两性之比为2.09∶1;差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.02,P<0.01)。55~60岁组发病率最高,发病率为120.55/10万;肝炎型别构成比以乙型肝炎(以下简称乙肝)为主,占84.85%;职业分布以农民发病最高,占47.47%。结论 15岁以下组发病率下降说明甲、乙肝疫苗免疫防治成效显著。今后应加强青壮年农民乙肝预防接种及宣传工作;乙肝成人免疫和加强免疫是控制乙肝亟需解决的问题。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features and epidemic trends of viral hepatitis in Pinggu District of Beijing and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of viral hepatitis. Methods used to describe epidemiological analysis. Results Among the 297 reported cases, 201 were male, accounting for 67.68%; 96 were female, accounting for 32.32%; the ratio of male to female was 2.09:1; the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 33.02, P <0.01). The prevalence was highest in 55-60 years old group with the incidence of 120.55 / 100 000; the constitutional type of hepatitis was mainly hepatitis B (hereinafter referred to as hepatitis B), accounting for 84.85%; and the occupational distribution was highest in peasants, accounting for 47.47%. Conclusion The decrease of incidence in the group of 15 years old indicates that the immunization prevention and treatment of A and B have significant effect. In the future, hepatitis B vaccination and publicity work should be strengthened for young and middle-aged peasants; adult hepatitis B immunization and strengthening of immunity are problems that need to be solved to control hepatitis B.