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含大尺寸马鞍形焊缝薄壁壳体的焊接变形规律复杂、焊后矫形难度大。本文采用试验测试和数值模拟相结合的方法定量评估了用激光焊取代传统TIG电弧焊后含大尺寸马鞍形焊缝D406A超高强钢固体发动机壳体(MKT)焊接残余变形的控制效果。论文建立了D406A超高强钢焊接过程的三维热弹塑有限元模型;开展了含大尺寸马鞍形焊缝D406A超高强钢筒体试验件(MTT)的TIG焊试验;采用三维全场静态变形测量系统(XJDP)测量MTT焊后残余变形,并用于D406A超高强钢焊接三维热弹塑有限元模型的修正和验证;采用验证后的有限元模型计算获得了MKT的TIG焊接残余变形和激光焊接残余变形。结果表明:两种方法焊接MKT后引起的残余变形趋势相同;激光焊接后MKT的残余变形最大值为1.68mm,远远小于手工TIG焊的最大焊接残余变形7.23mm。研究结果将为含复杂形状长焊缝超高强钢固体发动机壳体焊接工艺的更新换代提供数据支持。
Large-size saddle-shaped welded thin-walled shell welding complex deformation, posterior posterior orthopedic difficult. In this paper, a combination of experimental test and numerical simulation was used to quantitatively evaluate the control effect of laser welding to replace the traditional TIG arc welding welding residual deformation of D406A ultra-high strength steel solid-state engine case (MKT) with large saddle-shaped weld. The paper established the 3D thermo-elastic finite element model of the welding process of D406A ultra-high strength steel, carried out the TIG welding test of large-size saddle-shaped weld D406A ultra-high strength steel cylinder test piece (MTT) System (XJDP) was used to measure the residual deformation after MTT welding, which was used to correct and verify the 3D thermo-elastic FEM model of welded D406A ultra high strength steel. The TIG welding residual deformation and laser welding residual of MKT were obtained by the verified finite element model Deformation. The results show that the two methods have the same trend of residual deformation after welding MKT. The maximum residual deformation of MKT after laser welding is 1.68mm, far less than the maximum welding residual deformation of 7.23mm for TIG welding. The results of this study will provide data support for the upgrading of the welding process of the casing of the super-high-strength steel with long weld with complicated shape.