微观经济计量学是微观经济学与统计学相交叉的边缘学科 ,2 0世纪 70年代以后才迅速发展起来。微观经济计量学通过研究有关个人、家庭或企业行为的历史记录资料来发现单个经济主体行为的经验规律。本文在回顾微观经济计量研究发展的时代背景和学术背景的基础上 ,阐述了赫克曼和麦克法登对微观经济计量学发展所做出的贡献。 Microeconomic metrology is a marginal discipline that crosses microeconomics and statistics. It developed rapidly after the 1970s. Microeconometrics finds empirical patterns of the behavior of individual economic agents by studying historical records of individuals, families or businesses. On the basis of reviewing the background and academic background of the development of microeconomic econometrics, this paper expounds the contribution of Heckman and McFadden to the development of microeconometrics.