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目的评估高血压住院患者脑血管病的发生状况及其相关危险因素。方法将1997—2005年在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院高血压中心住院并诊断明确的4 642例高血压患者分为无脑卒中组、出血性脑卒中组、缺血性脑卒中组、混合性脑卒中组,对性别、民族、年龄、原发性高血压、2型糖尿病、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、脂代谢紊乱、高同型半胱氨酸血症等危险因素分别进行卡方检验及Logistic回归分析。结果在4 642例高血压住院患者中脑卒中检出率为13.6%。在不同性别之间,男性脑卒中检出率显著高于女性,男性患脑出血的概率是女性的3.312倍。在不同民族之间,汉族脑卒中检出率最高,其次是维吾尔族和回族,但差异无统计学意义。以年龄>65岁的患者为对照,不同年龄组发生缺血性脑卒中的概率分别是对照组的0.048倍(22~32岁)、0.134倍(33~43岁)、0.343倍(44~54岁)、0.776倍(55~65岁),差异具有统计学意义;33~43岁发生混合性脑卒中的概率是对照组的0.146倍,44~54岁发生混合性脑卒中的概率是对照组的0.357倍,具有统计学差异。原发性高血压患缺血性卒中的概率是非原发性高血压的1.441倍,具有统计学差异。原发性高血压、2型糖尿病患混合性卒中的概率是非原发性高血压、非2型糖尿病的3.223、2.045倍,差异有统计学意义。结论影响新疆高血压人群脑卒中的主要危险因素是年龄、性别、高血压病、高同型半胱氨酸血症、2型糖尿病。
Objective To evaluate the incidence and related risk factors of cerebrovascular disease in hypertensive inpatients. Methods A total of 4 642 hypertensive patients diagnosed in the hypertension center of People ’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region from 1997 to 2005 were divided into three groups: stroke - free group, hemorrhagic stroke group, ischemic stroke group, mixed stroke Group, on gender, ethnicity, age, essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea syndrome, lipid metabolism disorder, hyperhomocysteinemia and other risk factors were analyzed by chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The detection rate of stroke in 4 642 inpatients with hypertension was 13.6%. In different genders, the detection rate of male stroke was significantly higher than that of females, and the probability of cerebral hemorrhage in males was 3.312 times that of females. In different ethnic groups, the highest detection rate of stroke in Han people, followed by Uighurs and Hui, but the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of ischemic stroke in different age groups was 0.048 times (22-32), 0.134 times (33-43), 0.343-fold (44-54) in patients with age> 65 years Year-old), 0.776-fold (55-65 years), the difference was statistically significant; the incidence of mixed stroke in 33-43 years was 0.146 times that of the control group, and the incidence of mixed stroke in 44-54 years was the control group 0.357 times, with statistical differences. Essential hypertension with ischemic stroke probability is 1.441 times non-essential hypertension, with a statistically significant difference. Essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes patients with mixed stroke probability of non-essential hypertension, non-type 2 diabetes 3.223,2.045 times, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The main risk factors of stroke in Xinjiang hypertensive population are age, gender, hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia and type 2 diabetes.