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目的通过了解狂犬病暴露人群的特征,为更好地预防和控制狂犬病提供依据。方法自东莞市某镇社区卫生服务中心预防接种门诊2015年度所有动物致伤病例中随机抽取932份病例资料,对病例的基本情况、暴露与处理情况及相关的影响因素进行统计和分析。结果男性暴露病例多于女性;0~44岁的暴露人数较多;大多数患者能够在暴露后48 h内就诊;初次Ⅲ级暴露病例的狂犬病人免疫球蛋白接种率较低,仅为29.20%。其中年龄在17岁、农民职业、小学及以下文化程度病例的Ⅲ级暴露比例较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而农民职业、小学及以下文化程度初次Ⅲ级暴露病例的狂犬病人免疫球蛋白接种率较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论需加强对犬、猫、鼠等常见致伤动物的管理,加大狂犬病相关知识的宣传教育力度,提高公众对狂犬病的认知和重视程度。
Objective To understand the characteristics of people exposed to rabies and provide a basis for better prevention and control of rabies. Methods A total of 932 case data were collected from all animal injury cases in the vaccination clinic of a vaccination clinic in a community health service center of a community health center in Dongguan City. Statistics and analysis were made on the basic conditions, exposure and treatment of the cases and related influencing factors. Results There were more cases of male exposure than those of women; the number of exposed persons was higher in 0-44 years; most patients were seen within 48 hours after exposure; the rabies immunoglobulin in initial grade III exposure was relatively low, only 29.20% . Among them, the age at the age of 17, the peasants occupational, primary and lower education level Ⅲ cases higher exposure rate, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), while peasants occupation, primary and below the initial education level of the case of rabies Human immunoglobulin inoculation rate is lower, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the management of common animal injuries such as dogs, cats and mice, increase publicity and education on rabies-related knowledge, and raise public awareness and emphasis on rabies.