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目的了解青岛市食源性腹泻患者诺如病毒感染情况,为预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法采集2015～2016年医院门诊食源性腹泻患者3 d内的粪便样品1 061份,用实时荧光定量PCR法检测诺如病毒并分型,分析不同性别、年龄及时间腹泻患者粪便标本内诺如病毒的检出率。结果检出阳性88份,检出率为8.29%;GⅠ型、GⅡ型和GⅠ+GⅡ混合型3种感染的检出率分别为0.38%、7.82%和0.09%。3个月～2岁、3～4岁、5～17岁和18～78岁组患者诺如病毒检出率分别为29.41%、22.06%、9.57%和4.12%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。冬春季检出率高于夏秋季(P<0.05)。结论青岛市诺如病毒主要感染对象为婴幼儿和低年龄儿童,主要在冬春季高发,病毒类型以GⅡ型为主。
Objective To understand the Norovirus infection in patients with food-borne diarrhea in Qingdao and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods A total of 1 061 samples of stool samples from hospital outpatients with diarrhea within 3 days were collected from 2015 to 2016. Norovirus was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and genotyped. The stool samples of different sex, age and time diarrhea were analyzed. Such as the detection rate of the virus. The results showed that 88 were positive and the detection rate was 8.29%. The detection rates of GⅠ, GⅡ and GⅠ + GⅡ were 0.38%, 7.82% and 0.09% respectively. The detection rates of norovirus in patients aged 3 months to 2 years, 3 to 4 years, 5 to 17 years and 18 to 78 years old were 29.41%, 22.06%, 9.57% and 4.12%, respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). The detection rate in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn (P <0.05). Conclusion The main infectious objects of norovirus in Qingdao are infants and young children, mainly in winter and spring, the type of virus mainly G Ⅱ.