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看图作文是中学英语写作的一项基本要求。在中学英语人教版中,有大量的看图作文练习,在中考中,看图作文也屡见不鲜,如2012年南京市中考题,2012年的重庆市中考题等。
一、看图作文的类型
在中学阶段,看图说话作文主要属于记叙、描写或说明方面的文章,根据所给图画的数目和形式的不同,看图作文考查的方式有组图、对比图和单张图画三类。其中组图是初中阶段的考查的主要形式。
组图通常呈现一件事情发生的始末,写作者要根据几幅图片的先后顺序介绍事情的全过程。有时需要发表写作者个人的感想。写作时,要根据主题的需要来概括每一幅图的写作要点。 一定要分清主要内容和次要内容,必写内容和非必写内容。
二、看图作文的结构
图画提示实质上与文字提示如出一辙,都反映一个整体思想,一篇成功的看图作文包括三个部分:
1. 简述图片。针对每一幅图片写一至两个句子,也就是我们常说的就事论事进行看图说话。
2. 发表感想。就每一幅图片或整体主题发表自己的一些看法。
3. 简短结论。最后用一至两个简短的句子进行小结,起到画龙点睛的作用。
三、看图作文的写法
一篇成功的看图作文不外乎三步走:
1. 读图。分析图画所提供的信息,充分发挥自己的想象力,正确理解图中内容的确切含义。找出事件发生的时间、地点、人物,事件的起因、发展过程和结果。最后是扣题,扣题很重要,它是文章要揭示的主题思想,必须从图片中挖掘出来。
2. 试写。根据图中情景及汉语提示来表达文章内容,充分发挥自己的实际水平,避难就易,一法不成,另找它途。
3. 扩写。适当增加情节和过渡性词语,把上述句子连贯起来。这里的扩写并不是毫无根据地简单地通过想象把试写内容拉长,而是紧紧围绕图片中心把试写内容进行扩充。使内容更丰富、人物更形象、过程更具体,从而增强文章的感染力。力争做到合理想象,用词得当,句子结构及语法运用正确,条理清楚。
四、真题应用演练
下面以2012年南京市中考题为例谈谈x写看图作文三步走的运用。
上周日在秦淮河边发生了张明救落水小男孩的事情,请根据以下四幅图所描述的事情经过,为校刊的英语园地写一篇题为“A Brave Young Man”的英文稿件。
■
第一步:读图
图1:上周日,小明在秦淮河边钓鱼,一小孩在河边玩;图2:小男孩落入水中;图3:小明跳入水中救人;图4:被救小孩和赶来的人们感谢小明。
第二步:试写
图1: Zhang Ming was fishing by the Qinhuai River last Sunday. A little boy was playing nearby. 图2: The little boy fell into the water. 图3: Zhang Ming jumped into the river immediately. 图4: The boy was saved and he was very grateful. People all said that Zhang Ming was very brave and helpful.
第三步:扩写
It was a nice day last Sunday.(时间) Zhang Ming (人物) was fishing by the Qinhuai River (地点) and a little boy (人物) was playing nearby.
Suddenly, Zhang Ming heard someone shouting for help (事件的起因). He looked around and found that the little boy had fallen into the water. It was very dangerous. Zhang Ming jumped into the river immediately. He tried his best to pull the boy out of the river (事件的过程). At that time other people came to offer help.
Finally, the boy was saved and he was very grateful (事件的结果). People all said that Zhang Ming was very brave and helpful. We should learn from him (扣题).
五、巩固练习
下面4幅图片描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的一件事。请根据图片所提供的信息用英语为你校的“英语园地”写一篇短文。(2004年济南市中考题)
注意:
①短文须包括所有图片的主要内容。短文
的内容要连贯、完整;
②短文单词数:80左右(已给句子中的单
词不计入总词数);
③参考词汇:货摊stand (n.);
抢夺 snatch (v.);
逮捕 arrest (v.)
■
解析及参考范文:
1. 读图
(1)点题(时间、地点):星期天上午,中山公
园,冰淇淋货摊旁。
(2)事件的起因:年轻妇女的包被抢。
(3)事件的发展过程:人们追赶抢包者;长排
椅上坐着一位老人;抢包者从老人身旁跑
过, 老人用伞将他绊倒。
(4)事件的结果:两名警察逮捕抢劫者。
(5)扣题:妇女感谢老人,人们称赞老人的机
智。
2. 参考范文
One Sunday morning, many people went to Zhongshan Park.
As it was very hot, some people got thirsty and were trying to buy some ice-cream. Suddenly a woman shouted because a young man behind her snatched her handbag away.
Seeing this, a few people immediately began to run after him. However, the snatcher ran so fast that it was not easy to catch him. Luckily, there was an old man sitting on a bench nearby. As the snatcher ran past him, the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it before the snatcher. The young man cried and fell down on the ground hard.
A few minutes later two policemen came out from a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man, and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness.
一、看图作文的类型
在中学阶段,看图说话作文主要属于记叙、描写或说明方面的文章,根据所给图画的数目和形式的不同,看图作文考查的方式有组图、对比图和单张图画三类。其中组图是初中阶段的考查的主要形式。
组图通常呈现一件事情发生的始末,写作者要根据几幅图片的先后顺序介绍事情的全过程。有时需要发表写作者个人的感想。写作时,要根据主题的需要来概括每一幅图的写作要点。 一定要分清主要内容和次要内容,必写内容和非必写内容。
二、看图作文的结构
图画提示实质上与文字提示如出一辙,都反映一个整体思想,一篇成功的看图作文包括三个部分:
1. 简述图片。针对每一幅图片写一至两个句子,也就是我们常说的就事论事进行看图说话。
2. 发表感想。就每一幅图片或整体主题发表自己的一些看法。
3. 简短结论。最后用一至两个简短的句子进行小结,起到画龙点睛的作用。
三、看图作文的写法
一篇成功的看图作文不外乎三步走:
1. 读图。分析图画所提供的信息,充分发挥自己的想象力,正确理解图中内容的确切含义。找出事件发生的时间、地点、人物,事件的起因、发展过程和结果。最后是扣题,扣题很重要,它是文章要揭示的主题思想,必须从图片中挖掘出来。
2. 试写。根据图中情景及汉语提示来表达文章内容,充分发挥自己的实际水平,避难就易,一法不成,另找它途。
3. 扩写。适当增加情节和过渡性词语,把上述句子连贯起来。这里的扩写并不是毫无根据地简单地通过想象把试写内容拉长,而是紧紧围绕图片中心把试写内容进行扩充。使内容更丰富、人物更形象、过程更具体,从而增强文章的感染力。力争做到合理想象,用词得当,句子结构及语法运用正确,条理清楚。
四、真题应用演练
下面以2012年南京市中考题为例谈谈x写看图作文三步走的运用。
上周日在秦淮河边发生了张明救落水小男孩的事情,请根据以下四幅图所描述的事情经过,为校刊的英语园地写一篇题为“A Brave Young Man”的英文稿件。
■
第一步:读图
图1:上周日,小明在秦淮河边钓鱼,一小孩在河边玩;图2:小男孩落入水中;图3:小明跳入水中救人;图4:被救小孩和赶来的人们感谢小明。
第二步:试写
图1: Zhang Ming was fishing by the Qinhuai River last Sunday. A little boy was playing nearby. 图2: The little boy fell into the water. 图3: Zhang Ming jumped into the river immediately. 图4: The boy was saved and he was very grateful. People all said that Zhang Ming was very brave and helpful.
第三步:扩写
It was a nice day last Sunday.(时间) Zhang Ming (人物) was fishing by the Qinhuai River (地点) and a little boy (人物) was playing nearby.
Suddenly, Zhang Ming heard someone shouting for help (事件的起因). He looked around and found that the little boy had fallen into the water. It was very dangerous. Zhang Ming jumped into the river immediately. He tried his best to pull the boy out of the river (事件的过程). At that time other people came to offer help.
Finally, the boy was saved and he was very grateful (事件的结果). People all said that Zhang Ming was very brave and helpful. We should learn from him (扣题).
五、巩固练习
下面4幅图片描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的一件事。请根据图片所提供的信息用英语为你校的“英语园地”写一篇短文。(2004年济南市中考题)
注意:
①短文须包括所有图片的主要内容。短文
的内容要连贯、完整;
②短文单词数:80左右(已给句子中的单
词不计入总词数);
③参考词汇:货摊stand (n.);
抢夺 snatch (v.);
逮捕 arrest (v.)
■
解析及参考范文:
1. 读图
(1)点题(时间、地点):星期天上午,中山公
园,冰淇淋货摊旁。
(2)事件的起因:年轻妇女的包被抢。
(3)事件的发展过程:人们追赶抢包者;长排
椅上坐着一位老人;抢包者从老人身旁跑
过, 老人用伞将他绊倒。
(4)事件的结果:两名警察逮捕抢劫者。
(5)扣题:妇女感谢老人,人们称赞老人的机
智。
2. 参考范文
One Sunday morning, many people went to Zhongshan Park.
As it was very hot, some people got thirsty and were trying to buy some ice-cream. Suddenly a woman shouted because a young man behind her snatched her handbag away.
Seeing this, a few people immediately began to run after him. However, the snatcher ran so fast that it was not easy to catch him. Luckily, there was an old man sitting on a bench nearby. As the snatcher ran past him, the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it before the snatcher. The young man cried and fell down on the ground hard.
A few minutes later two policemen came out from a police car and arrested him. The woman thanked the old man, and the people around praised the old man for his cleverness.