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目的探讨初中生青春发育时相与各种欺凌行为的关系,为预防青少年暴力行为提供基础资料。方法分层整群抽取安徽省3个城市3所普通初级中学的2 704名15岁以下中学生进行横断面问卷调查。调查研究对象躯体欺凌、言语欺凌、关系欺凌和网络欺凌发生情况,并自我评价青春期发育状况。结果初中生各种欺凌行为中被他人言语欺凌报告率最高(53.8%),对他人网络欺凌报告率最低(4.5%);除被他人关系欺凌男女生间差异无统计学意义外,其他类型欺凌与被欺凌行为报告率男生均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。处于不同青春发育阶段的初中男生,欺凌他人行为中的躯体欺凌、言语欺凌和网络欺凌,被他人欺凌行为中的言语欺凌和网络欺凌差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为10.043,27.015,10.602,8.398,8.118,P<0.05);处于不同青春发育阶段的初中女生,仅言语欺凌他人行为差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.855,P<0.05);男、女生均表现为发育中晚期的同伴欺凌行为报告率高于发育早期。结论处于青春发育阶段的初中生随着发育阶段的上升,多种欺凌行为的报告率呈上升趋势。尤其应加强对青春发育期男生欺凌行为的预防控制。
Objective To explore the relationship between junior middle school students’ adolescent developmental stages and various forms of bullying and provide basic information for prevention of teenage violence. Methods A stratified cluster analysis of 2 704 middle school students under 15 years old from 3 junior middle schools in 3 cities of Anhui Province was conducted to conduct a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Investigators investigated physical bullying, verbal bullying, relationship bullying and cyberbullying, and evaluated their adolescent development. Results Among junior high school students, the highest reported rate of verbal bullying (53.8%) was in all kinds of bullying and the lowest was reported rate of bullying in others (4.5%). The other types of bullying were not statistically significant Compared with boys, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was significant difference between bullying and cyberbullying in junior high school boys, body bullying, verbal bullying and cyberbullying in bullying others, bullying in others’ bullying behavior and cyberbullying (χ ~ 2 = 10.043,27.015 , 10.602,8.398,8.118, P <0.05). There was significant difference in speech bullying behavior among junior middle school girls who were in different stages of youth development (χ ~ 2 = 11.855, P <0.05) Late reporting rate of peer bullying is higher than early development. Conclusion As the developmental stages of junior high school students are in the stage of adolescence, the reporting rate of various forms of bullying is on the rise. In particular, prevention and control of bullying of boys during puberty should be strengthened.