目的 :采用高功率微波 (HPM)辐照青紫蓝兔 ,长期动态观察角膜、晶状体及视网膜的病理变化 ,探讨HPM对视觉系统的影响。方法 :6种功率密度的HPM辐照 35只青紫蓝兔 ,并于照射后 30 ,90 ,180和 36 0d应用裂隙灯、检眼镜、光镜和电镜观察角膜、晶状体和视网膜的病理变化。结果 :眼部各组织对HPM辐射损伤以晶状体最为敏感 ,角膜次之 ,视网膜轻微。辐照后 30d ,晶状体上皮细胞以变性为主。照后 90～ 36 0d ,晶状体囊膜增厚 ,上皮细胞增生 ,晶状体后皮质水肿、空泡形成 ,白内障发生。损伤具有剂量 效应相关性。结论 :HPM可导致晶状体后皮质混浊、白内障发生 ,辐射功率与病理改变呈正相关。 OBJECTIVE: To observe the pathological changes of the cornea, lens and retina by high power microwave (HPM) irradiation and to investigate the effect of HPM on the visual system. METHODS: Thirty-five blue-purple rabbits were irradiated with 6 kinds of power density HPM. The pathological changes of the cornea, lens and retina were observed with slit lamp, ophthalmoscope, light microscope and electron microscope at 30, 90, 180 and 36 days after irradiation. Results: The ocular tissues were the most sensitive to HPM radiation damage to the lens, followed by the cornea and slight retinal. At 30 days after irradiation, the lens epithelial cells mainly degenerated. According to 90 ~ 36 0d after the lens capsule thickening, epithelial cell proliferation, cortical edema, vacuolar formation, cataract. Dose was dose-related. Conclusions: HPM can lead to clouding of posterior lens cataract and cataract. Radiation power is positively correlated with pathological changes.