古代游记文学在现代中学文言文课文中占有一定份量,它们是以作者的游踪为线索,记叙旅途见闻,描述山川景物,抒发旅游者感情的散文作品。这类作品反映的是人与自然的关系,抒发人对自然的审美感受。因而学习这类作品时应把握好下述几个方面。 一、情由景生与景理相成 在古代游记文学作品中,很少有单纯的写景之作,即使一些古代的地理专著,也常常是因水记山,因山记景,因景记人,同时它也记故事传说以及风土人情,历史掌故等,因而使这些著作也带有较强的感情色彩。 所谓情由景生,即作者因景生情,借景抒情,这是我国古代游记的一个重要特点。如柳宗元的《小石潭记》,他坐在小石潭上,“四面 Ancient travel literature has a certain amount of weight in modern middle school Chinese classical texts. They are based on the author’s movement as a clue. They describe the history of the journey, describe mountains and river scenery, and express the feelings of tourists. This type of work reflects the relationship between man and nature and expresses the aesthetic experience of nature. Therefore, the following aspects should be grasped when learning such works. First, the situation is composed of Jing Sheng and Jing Li. In ancient travel literary works, there are few purely written sceneries. Even some ancient geographical monographs are often due to Shuiji Mountain, because of the mountain scenery, because of the Jingji people. At the same time, it also records stories and legends as well as customs, history, etc., thus making these works also have a strong emotional color. The so-called circumstances of the Jingsheng, that is, the author’s feelings about the situation and the borrowing of scenery, this is an important feature of ancient Chinese travel history. Such as Liu Zongyuan’s “Little Shitanji”, he sat on Xiaoshitan, "four sides