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圆锥体是一种母线为直线的旋转体,有一定的几何形状和锥角等要求。为了保证圆锥体装配后的相互位置精度及其使用性能,加工时应注意控制其几何精度等项目。生产上应用的刀具,为了改善其切削条件,常作有前角γ_p。例如用棱体成形车刀车削锥体(图1)时,车刀有了前角γ_p后,其切削刃AB′与锥体母线AB就不重合,将导致切出的锥体产生双曲线误差。在普通车削时,若车刀刀尖偏离中心平面(图2),则刀尖移动的直线轨迹不与圆锥体的母线重合,也会产生圆锥体的双曲线误差。其最大误差值则是人们非常关心并拟设法控制的。但是在著作〔1〕〔2〕〔3〕〔4〕中,仅对双曲线误差作了定性分析;在著作〔5〕中,也未算出最大误差值。为此,本文研究并推导了有关最大双曲线误差的定量计算式,可供机械制造人员直接参考应用。
Cone is a straight-line generatrix of rotation, with certain geometric shapes and cone angle requirements. In order to ensure the accuracy of cone position and its use after the performance of the assembly, processing should pay attention to control the geometric accuracy of the project. Production of cutting tools, in order to improve the cutting conditions, often for the rake angle γ_p. For example, with a prism forming turning cone (Figure 1), the tool has a rake angle γ_p, its cutting edge AB ’and cone bus AB do not coincide, will lead to the cone out of hyperbolic error . In normal turning, if the tool nose deviates from the center plane (Figure 2), the linear path of the tool nose does not coincide with the cone of the cone, and conic hyperbolic error will also occur. The maximum error is that people are very concerned about and are trying to control. However, in the works [1] [2] [3] [4], only the hyperbolic error was qualitatively analyzed; in the work [5], the maximum error was not calculated either. For this reason, this paper studies and deduces the quantitative formula for the maximum hyperbolic error, which can be directly referenced to the application of mechanical manufacturing personnel.