魏晋南北朝官学兴废无常,不能适应学术文化发展的潮流,遭到世家大族的抵制。魏晋以后,门阀制度得到确立,世家大族政治经济地位稳固,积极利用家族资源建设家学。从东晋后期开始,世家大族权势衰落,家学、家风几乎成为维护家族地位的最后手段,生存危机和相互竞争使家学空前繁荣。魏晋南北朝的经学、史学、文学、艺术乃至科学都是以家学模式进行传承,世家大族的家族教育承担起培养人才的重要使命。通过对魏晋南北朝官学和家学的历史考查,可以探究这一时期学术传承模式和人才培养机制的形成规律。 Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties official prosperity and impermanence, can not adapt to the trend of academic and cultural development, was the family boycott. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the system of door and door was established and the family’s Han nationality enjoyed a stable political and economic status and made active use of family resources to build a family school. From the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the great family power of the whole family declined, family and family spirits almost become the last resort to maintain family status. The survival crisis and the mutual competition made the family school unprecedented prosperity. The Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties classics, historiography, literature, art and even science are all inherited by the mode of family study. The family education of the Han family takes on the important mission of training talents. Through the historical examination of official and family studies in the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, we can explore the formation pattern of the academic inheritance model and personnel training mechanism in this period.