We present a rare case of primary chondrosarcoma of the liver in a 57-year-old man with pre-existing hepatitis B virus-related chronic hepatitis. The MRI scans showed a huge cystic-solid occupation of 18 cm× 17 cm× 11 cm in the right hepatic lobe. The tumor was completely resected, and the histological findings identified low-grade cartilaginous component with typical ring-and-arc chondroid matrix mineralization. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and S-100 protein. The patient received once postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) at the 2nd month after discharge, and he is still alive for more than 13 months without recurrence and metastasis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of primary chondrosarcoma of the liver.