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清朝建立后的数十年时间,对于明朝的灭亡,当时文人士大夫都在不断反省,有人认为空疏的八股文风是导致明朝灭亡的原因之一。这种理论引起他们对古文理论的深入探讨,产生了评点先秦散文的潮流,但是作为进入仕途的八股文又不可能被彻底抛弃,所以将八股文融入古文理论的倾向成为那个时代评点学的特征。而这个时代特征从王源对《左传》的评点中最容易看出。本文试图通过分析王源《左传评》的评点思路,展现清朝的时文观念和古文观念共同对古文理论形成的具体影响。
During the decades after the founding of the Qing Dynasty, the literati and doctor at that time were making constant introspection about the demise of the Ming dynasty. Some thought the empty writing style was one of the reasons that led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty. This theory led them to explore the theory of ancient prose deeply, which gave the trend of commentary on pre-Qin prose, but it was impossible for the eight-part essay to be put into official career to be abandoned completely. Therefore, the tendency of incorporating the eight-legged essay into the theory of ancient prose became the characteristic of the criticism of that era . The characteristics of this era from Wang Yuan on the “Zuo Zhuan” comments most easily seen. This article tries to show the specific influence of the concept of both prose and classical essay on the formation of ancient essay by analyzing the commentaries of Wang Yuan’s “Zuo Zhuan”.