目的:探讨3D打印辅助SRS-Schwab Ⅳ级截骨术治疗老年性脊柱后凸畸形的临床效果。方法:分析2018年6月至2019年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院住院接受手术治疗的老年性脊柱后凸畸形患者48例，按随机数字表法分为3D组和对照组各24例。3D组采用3D打印辅助SRS-Schwab Ⅳ级截骨，对照组根据术前影像学资料行SRS-Schwab Ⅳ级截骨。对比两组患者的手术时间、C臂透视时间、出血量、脊柱后凸Cobb角、Cobb角矫正率、腰椎前凸矫正度数、腰椎前凸矫正丢失率；使用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评价两种方法的症状改善程度。两组间计数资料的比较采用n χ2检验，计量资料组内不同时间点间的比较采用单因素方差分析，相同时间点两组间的比较采用独立样本n t检验。n 结果:48例患者均顺利完成手术，3D组在手术时间[(171.1±50.9) min]、透视时间[(9.2±1.9) s]、出血量[(321.5±76.8) ml]方面均明显少于对照组[手术时间(264.2±44.2) min(n t＝6.767，n P<0.05)、透视时间(13.6±4.0) s(n t＝4.856，n P<0.05)、出血量(472.9±86.2) ml(n t＝6.422，n P<0.05)]，差异有统计学意义。3D组在Cobb角矫正率(73.7%)、LL矫正度数(34.4°)明显大于对照组[Cobb角矫正率(51.9%)，n χ2＝10.382，n P<0.05、LL矫正度数(30.1°)，n t＝4.949，n P0.05)。两组患者在术后随访期内各时间点的VAS评分和ODI指数均具有相似改善。n 结论:3D打印辅助SRS-Schwab Ⅳ级截骨术治疗老年性脊柱后凸畸形具有可行性，可以减少手术时间、出血量及放射线暴露，且临床效果满意。“,”Objective:To explore the clinical effect of 3D printing assisted the SRS-Schwab Ⅳ osteotomy for senile kyphosis.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 48 elderly patients with kyphosis who were hospitalized for surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2018 to December 2019. According to the random number table method, they were divided into experimental group and control group with 24 cases each. The experimental group used 3D printing model to assist SRS-Schwab Ⅳ osteotomy and the control group underwent SRS-Schwab Ⅳ osteotomy based on preoperative imaging data. The operation time, C arm perspective time, intraoperative blood loss, kyphosis Cobb angle, Cobb angle correction rate, lumbar lordosis correction degree, lumbar lordosis correction loss rate. The pain visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) were used to assess the degree of improvement in both methods. Chi-square test was used for comparison of counting data between the two groups. The comparison between different time points in the measurement data group adopts one-way analysis of variance, and independent-samples n t test was used for comparison between two groups at the same time point.n Results:All patients underwent surgery successfully. The operative time [(171.1±50.9) min]and the perspective of time [(9.2±1.9) s] and the intraoperative blood loss [(321.5±76.8) ml]in the 3D group were significantly reduced as compared with those in the control group [operative time (264.2±44.2) min,n t=6.767, n P<0.05, the perspective of time (13.6±4.0) s,n t=4.856, n P<0.05, the intraoperative blood loss (472.9±86.2) ml,n t=6.422, n P<0.05], and the difference was statistically significant. The correction rate of Cobb angle (73.7%), LL correction degree (34.4°) in the 3D group was significantly higher than that in the control group [Cobb angle correction rate (51.9%),n χ2=10.382, n P<0.05, LL correction degree (30.1°),n t=4.949, n P0.05). VAS score and ODI index showed similar improvement at each time point during postoperative follow-up in both groups.n Conclusion:3D printing assisted SRS-Schwab Ⅳ osteotomy is feasible for the treatment of senile kyphosis, which can reduce the operation time, intraoperative blood loss and radiation exposure time, as well as the satisfactory clinical effect.