FDI与ODI可以通过资本流动产生的规模效应、技术效应和结构效应影响碳排放水平,“一带一路”战略下建设绿色丝绸之路、打造亚洲低碳共同体成为沿线国家共识,因此,研究我国沿线省份FDI与ODI对低碳经济发展的影响,对于“一带一路”政策的实施具有重要的理论和现实意义。研究表明FDI整体是不利于低碳经济发展的,尤其是表现在规模效应和结构效应上;而ODI虽然促进了低碳经济发展但并未带来明显逆向技术溢出效应。为此,在“一带一路”政策实施过程中,“一带”地区要积极引导FDI流向低碳企业,同时注意防范FDI对本地企业的挤出效应,“一路”地区则要充分发挥FDI的技术溢出效应;此外,应加大技术寻求型ODI的比例,推进低碳经济目标的实现。 FDI and ODI can affect the level of carbon emissions through scale effects, technological effects and structural effects caused by capital flows. The construction of the green Silk Road under the “Belt and Road” strategy and the building of a low carbon community in Asia have become the national consensus along the line. Therefore, The impact of provincial FDI and ODI on the development of low-carbon economy along the line is of great theoretical and practical significance for the implementation of the “Belt and Road” policy. The research shows that FDI as a whole is not conducive to the development of low-carbon economy, especially in the scale and structure effects; while ODI has promoted the development of low-carbon economy but did not bring significant reverse technology spillover effect. For this reason, in the process of implementing the “Belt and Road” policy, the “one belt” region should actively guide the flow of FDI to low-carbon enterprises while paying attention to preventing the crowding-out effect of FDI on local enterprises. And give full play to the technology spillover effect of FDI. In addition, the proportion of technology-seeking ODI should be increased so as to promote the realization of the goal of low-carbon economy.