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华中五味子(Schisandra sphenanthera)是著名的药用植物,具有悠久的药用历史和巨大的开发潜力。为了有效评估、利用和保护华中五味子资源,应用自主开发的9对SSR引物研究了华中五味子自然种群的遗传多样性与遗传结构。结果表明:在10个采样种群中,共检测到58个等位基因,平均预期杂合度HE为0.528,平均观察杂合度HO为0.519,较大的连续种群保持了较高的遗传多样性,而小种群的遗传多样性则相对较低;华中五味子总体表现为显著的杂合子缺失,内繁育系数FIS为0.042;种群间总的遗传分化系数FST为0.108,两两种群间分化显著;贝叶斯聚类结果把10个采样种群按遗传组成分为江南组和江北组2组,长江所形成的特殊地理屏障对华中五味子江南和江北地区间较高的遗传分化造成了影响。
Schisandra sphenanthera is a famous medicinal plant with a long medicinal history and great potential for development. In order to effectively evaluate, utilize and protect the Schisandra chinensis resources, 9 pairs of SSR primers independently developed were used to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of natural Schisandra chinensis populations. The results showed that 58 alleles were detected in 10 sampling populations, the average expected heterozygosity (HE) was 0.528, the average observed heterozygosity (HO) was 0.519, and the larger continuous population maintained a higher genetic diversity The genetic diversity of the small population was relatively low. The Schizandra chinensis showed a significant loss of heterozygotes in general, with a FSI of 0.042. The total genetic differentiation coefficient (FST) among the populations was 0.108, and the differentiation between two groups was significant. Bayesian The clustering results grouped 10 sampling populations into 2 groups according to their genetic composition: Jiangnan Formation and Jiangbei Formation. The special geographic barrier formed by the Yangtze River affected the higher genetic differentiation between southern China and Jiangbei area.