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本文首先讨论了两种不同的语义观,一种以哲学中的客观主义为基础,另一种则是经验主义的产物。语言研究应兼采两者之长。以往的研究多着力于前一种,后一种认知语义观尚待深入探讨。本文尝试运用原型范畴论、隐喻认知理论、转喻认知理论等认知语义学相关观点来阐释专名和通名之间的相互转化现象。
This article first discusses two different semantics, one based on the objectivity in philosophy and the other on the empirical product. Language research should take both. Previous studies focused more on the former, the latter one still needs to be further explored. This thesis tries to explain the phenomenon of mutual conversion between proper names and generic names by using the related concepts of prototype category theory, metaphor cognitive theory and cognitive semantics of metonymic cognitive theory.