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在边境效应引力模型理论和实证研究的基础上,构建考虑贸易方向、适用于港口进出口航运贸易的边境效应引力模型的扩展模型,基于2005～2009年中美港口数据采用六种方法对构建的扩展模型进行鲁棒性检验和非线性检验。结果发现:构建的扩展模型是一个较优的模型,进出口港口的经济总量、吞吐量和两个港口之间的经济距离是影响双边航运贸易量的关键因素;距离的计算方法会造成边境效应的高估或低估;国家的有形边境会造成无形的贸易障碍,并在进出口两个方向上对贸易的阻碍程度是不对称的,但都显著存在。
Based on the theoretical and empirical research of the border effect gravitation model, this paper constructs an extended model of the border effect gravitation model that considers the trade direction and is suitable for the port’s import and export shipping trade. Based on the six methods of Sino-US harbor data from 2005 to 2009, Extended model for robustness test and non-linearity test. The result shows that the extended model is an excellent model. The total economic volume, throughput and the economic distance between the ports of import and export are the key factors affecting the volume of bilateral shipping trade. The calculation of the distance will cause the border The effect of overvaluation or underestimation; the physical border of the country will create intangible trade barriers, and in the import and export in both directions on trade barriers are not symmetrical, but there are significant.