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虚拟水是近年来水资源管理领域中出现的新概念,是指生产商品和服务所需要的水资源数量;虚拟水战略是缺水区域通过贸易的方式从富水区购进水资源密集型产品(尤指粮食)来获得本区水资源安全的一种构想。研究从整体上分析了目前西北干旱区水资源及其利用存在的主要问题,通过对节水、调水、移民等常规方案对比分析,引入虚拟水的概念,以新疆为例探讨了干旱区实施虚拟水理论战略的基本思路和意义,构建了基于虚拟水战略的水资源持续利用的保障框架,提出了建立国家生态补偿机制的主张,为干旱区缓解其缺水问题提供了一种全新思路。
Virtual water is a new concept emerging in the field of water resources management in recent years and refers to the amount of water resources needed to produce goods and services. The virtual water strategy is to purchase water-intensive products from water-rich areas through trade in drylands (Especially food) to obtain a concept of water resources security in this area. The study analyzed the current problems of water resources and their utilization in the arid area of northwest China. The contrastive analysis of conventional schemes such as water saving, water transfer and resettlement introduced the concept of virtual water, and took Xinjiang as an example to discuss the implementation of arid areas The basic idea and significance of virtual water theory and strategy, the framework of water resources sustainable utilization based on virtual water strategy is established, and the idea of establishing national ecological compensation mechanism is put forward, providing a new idea for arid area to alleviate its water shortage.