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以国内收集到的15份主栽品种为试材,统计了种子萌发期10个芽苗性状的变异性,并对其进行了主成分和聚类分析,以期为不同甜瓜产区优良品种的早期筛选及进一步遗传改良提供参考依据。结果表明:芽长、主胚根长、种子根数、总鲜质量、根芽干质量、总干质量、干物质含量、根系活力等8个性状的变异系数较大,为18.53%~35.98%;利用主成分分析将10个性状指标可转化为3个主成分,其累积贡献率达81.45%,通过主成分综合分值排序结果显示,Var 2、Var 5、Var 7、Var 6、Var 3等品种占据前5位。以主成分中主要因子为指标进行聚类分析,可将15份甜瓜品种分为4类,各类间芽苗性状有较大差异。因此,从种子萌发期芽苗性状的角度考虑,8个变异较大的芽苗性状指标是今后品种改良的重点,排在5位的品种在实际生产中可优选。
Fifteen main cultivars collected from China were used as materials to test the variability of 10 buds and sprouts during the germination period. Principal components and cluster analysis were used to analyze the variation of seedling traits in the early stage Screening and further genetic improvement provide a reference. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 8 traits such as bud length, main radicle length, seed number, total fresh weight, root bud weight, total dry weight, dry matter content and root vigor were 18.53% ~ 35.98% The principal component analysis showed that the 10 trait indexes could be transformed into 3 principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate was 81.45%. According to the ranking of principal component comprehensive scores, Var 2, Var 5, Var 7, Var 6, Var 3 Other varieties occupy the top 5. The main components of the main components of the index as a cluster analysis, 15 melon varieties can be divided into four categories, all kinds of sprouting characteristics are quite different. Therefore, from the perspective of seed germination and seedling traits, eight mutants with larger variation in seedling traits will be the focus of improvement in the future. The varieties ranked at 5 may be preferred in actual production.