本文概述了用赫姆霍茨线圈、永久磁铁、电磁铁、大功率直流螺线管、超导磁体、脉冲装置、爆缩装置产生各种磁場的方法和一些国家的近代装置的水平;介绍了精密测量磁埸的各种现代方法和一些典型的磁强计的基本特性;并且讨论了磁埸测量技术在各个领域中的新应用及其发展前景。 This article provides an overview of the methods used to generate various magnetic fields using Helmholtz coils, permanent magnets, electromagnets, high-power DC solenoids, superconducting magnets, pulser devices, and deflagration devices and the state-of-the-art devices in some countries; Various modern methods of accurately measuring magnetic ridges, and some typical characteristics of magnetometers; and discussing new applications and prospects of magnetic 埸 measurement in various fields.