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离体(in vitro)脊髓实验是脊髓电药理学的一种重要研究方法,与在体(in vivo)实验比较,它具有许多特殊优点:(1)可控制神经组织内部药物浓度,获得精确的量效关系;(2)可人为地改变神经组织周围环境的温度、pH、离子组成等条件;(3)电活动稳定;(4)实验中不需麻醉;(5)无血脑屏障;(6)可联合开展药理、生理、生化等学科的研究。近二十年来,离体脊髓电药理学进展非常迅速,本文扼要介绍实验原理,并分析几种氨基酸、神经肽和药物对脊髓的作用机制。
In vitro spinal cord test is an important research method of spinal electro-pharmacology. Compared with in vivo experiments, it has many special advantages: (1) It can control the concentration of drug in the nerve tissue to get accurate Dose-effect relationship; (2) artificially change the temperature, pH, ion composition and other conditions surrounding the nerve tissue; (3) electrical activity is stable; (4) without anesthesia in the experiment; 6) can carry out pharmacological, physiological, biochemical and other disciplines. In the recent two decades, the progress of isolated electropsychology of spinal cord has been very rapid. This article briefly introduces the experimental principle and analyzes the mechanism of several amino acids, neuropeptides and drugs on the spinal cord.