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目的探究江门地区农村饮用水水质卫生状况与当地细菌性痢疾发病率间的相关关系,为提高本地农村饮用水水质,降低当地细菌性痢疾发病率提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统导出2011—2015年江门地区农村饮用水水质监测结果和细菌性痢疾上报数据进行分析,水质监测指标为微生物指标,包括:总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌、菌落总数,采用Spearman等级相关对当地水质微生物指标合格率与细菌性痢疾发病率进行相关性分析。结果 2011—2015年江门地区农村饮用水出厂水微生物指标合格率分别为59.89%、68.09%、58.93%、57.61%、59.00%,末梢水微生物指标合格率分别为45.16%、53.13%、55.93%、52.88%、52.78%,恩平市出厂水和开平市末梢水微生物指标合格率五年间差异有统计学意义(P=0.01,P=0.40×10-6),开平市末梢水微生物指标合格率与当地细菌性痢疾发病率存在负相关(rs=-0.90,P=0.04),开平市的末梢水菌落总数合格率与当地细菌性痢疾发病率存在负相关(rs=-0.90,P=0.04)。结论江门地区农村饮用水水质对当地细菌性痢疾发病率有一定影响,两者在本地某些地区具有一定相关性。
Objective To explore the relationship between the health status of drinking water in rural areas of Jiangmen and the incidence of local bacillary dysentery in Jiangmen area, so as to provide basis for improving the quality of drinking water in local rural areas and reducing the incidence of local bacillary dysentery. Methods The data of drinking water quality monitoring in rural areas and bacterial dysentery data in Jiangmen area during 2011-2015 were derived from China’s disease prevention and control information system. The indicators of water quality monitoring were microbial indicators including total coliforms, heat-resistant coliforms, Escherichia coli, the total number of colonies, using Spearman rank correlation of local water quality indicators of microbial indicators and the incidence of bacterial dysentery incidence correlation analysis. Results The passing rates of microbial water samples of drinking water in rural areas in Jiangmen between 2011 and 2015 were 59.89%, 68.09%, 58.93%, 57.61% and 59.00%, respectively. The passing rates of microbial indicators of peripheral water were 45.16%, 53.13% and 55.93% 52.88% and 52.78% respectively. There was a significant difference in passing rate between the ex-factory water of Enping City and the peripheral water of Kaiping City in five years (P = 0.01, P = 0.40 × 10-6). The qualified rate of microbial indicators in peripheral water The incidence of bacterial dysentery was negatively correlated (rs = -0.90, P = 0.04). The passing rate of the total number of peripheral water colonies in Kaiping City was negatively correlated with the incidence of local bacillary dysentery (rs = -0.90, P = 0.04). Conclusions The drinking water quality of rural areas in Jiangmen has a certain impact on the incidence of bacterial dysentery in the region, and the two have certain relevance in some local areas.