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以矿物的X-射线衍射为理论依据,以高岭石、蒙脱石和伊利石作为土壤中黏土矿物的代表,在强度比例因子法的基础上对黏土矿物的定量方法进行了改进研究。实验过程是:将3种矿物按不同比例配制成混合样,利用X-射线衍射仪对各混合样进行测试,根据已知比例计算各种矿物的权重系数,最终确定定量计算的公式:k%=Ik(/Ik+1.1881Im+0.9966I)i×100%、m%=Im(/Im+0.8271Ik+0.5898I)i×100%、i%=Ii(/Ii+1.1779Ik+2.0676Im)×100%。检验性实验结果表明:所建立的公式不仅操作简便,而且误差较小,高岭石、蒙脱石和伊利石分别为5.9%、6.5%和4.6%。高岭石、蒙脱石和伊利石的实测值与真实值之间的相关性很好,相关系数分别为0.88、0.85和0.92。
On the basis of X-ray diffraction of minerals, kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite were taken as representatives of clay minerals in soil, and the quantitative methods of clay minerals were improved on the basis of intensity ratio factor method. The experimental process is: the three kinds of minerals in different proportions formulated as a mixed sample, the use of X-ray diffractometer to test the mixture, according to the known proportion of various mineral weight coefficient, and finally determine the quantitative calculation formula: k% = Ik (/Ik+1.1881Im+0.9966I) i × 100%, m% = Im (/Im+0.8271Ik+0.5898I) i × 100%, i% = Ii (/Ii+1.1779Ik+2.0676Im) × 100%. The experimental results show that the established formula is not only easy to operate, but also less error, and the content of kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite are 5.9%, 6.5% and 4.6% respectively. The correlation between the measured and the true values of kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite was good, with correlation coefficients of 0.88, 0.85 and 0.92, respectively.