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为了解层序地层学的基本原理而设计的随机模拟程序被用于模拟河流相储层,河流相储层基准面高频率的波动对储层结构起强烈的影响。储层的地层学和结构是通过连续模拟两种平面来确认的,即上升(泛滥)面和下降面(层序边界)。泛滥平面模拟成标准二维高斯域,而层序边界用深切谷模拟是比较复杂的,而且需要开发出一个新的“目标”模拟技术。这样的新模型可用于形成逼真的河谷几何形态,其灵活性足于满足复杂的多井调整。 该模拟程序通过测试资料得到了证明。这组测试资料是以挪威北海Statfjord油田的河流相Statjord组的钻井解释资料为基础的。主要的储层砂岩为河谷沉积,河谷底部由层序边界确定,河谷顶部由泛滥平面确定,而其主要的流动隔层是沉积在广阔冲积平原之上的富含泥质岩层段。在近60米厚的储层层段中已经解释出五个层序边界和四个泛滥平面。通过新模拟程序所模拟的这些平面确定了储层单元和封隔层的三维分布。该模拟程序可以使模拟的逼真几何形态与地质学家的储层概念模型吻合起来。这些模型也可提供有关储层分布及连通性的深入描述,还可作为油藏管理、井位布署以及预测河流相复杂储层中油层动态的一种完善的基本手段。
Stochastic simulations designed to understand the basic principles of sequence stratigraphy have been used to model fluvial reservoirs. The high frequency fluctuations of the fluvial reservoir datum have a strong influence on the reservoir structure. Stratigraphy and structure of reservoirs are confirmed by successive simulations of two planes, rising (flooding) and descending (sequence boundaries). The floodplain is modeled as a standard two-dimensional Gaussian domain, while the deep boundary valleys are used to simulate the boundary of sequence boundaries. It is quite complicated and a new “target” simulation technique needs to be developed. Such a new model can be used to create realistic valley geometry with the flexibility to accommodate complex multi-well adjustments. The simulation program has been proved by the test data. This set of test data is based on drilling interpretation data from the fluvial-phase Statjord Formation of the Statfjord field in the North Sea, Norway. The main reservoir sandstones are river valleys, the bottom of the river valley is defined by sequence boundaries, the top of the river valley is defined by the floodplain, and the main flow barrier is a rich muddy section deposited over a vast alluvial plain. Five sequence boundaries and four floodplains have been explained in the nearly 60-meter-thick reservoir interval. The planes simulated by the new simulator determine the three-dimensional distribution of reservoir cells and packing layers. The simulation program allows the simulation of the realistic geometry and geologist reservoir model coincide. These models also provide in-depth descriptions of reservoir distribution and connectivity as well as a sound, basic tool for reservoir management, well location deployment, and prediction of reservoir dynamics in complex fluvial reservoirs.