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目的通过了解平果县麻疹流行病学特征,探讨有效的控制策略,为持续消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法对2001—2011年麻疹发病情况及采取消除麻疹的策略和措施进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2001—2005年麻疹年平均发病率为20.15/10万,发病季节高峰在1—5月,县城周边4镇为高发乡镇,发病年龄以8月～<7岁儿童组最高,麻疹病例主要为无免疫史,与儿童的计划免疫管理存在薄弱环节有关,共发生麻疹暴发流行5起,死亡1例;2006—2009年麻疹年平均发病率为0.72/10万,以散发为主;2010—2011年无病例报告,实现消除麻疹的目标。结论常规麻疹免疫覆盖率低是麻疹高发的主要原因,实施麻疹疫苗强化免疫和查漏补种是消除麻疹的有效措施。平果县已实现消除麻疹的目标,应继续保持和巩固高水平易感人群麻疹减毒活疫苗免疫覆盖率,加强输入病例的监测,以达到持续消除麻疹的目的。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Pingguo County and to explore effective control strategies to provide a scientific basis for the continuous elimination of measles. Methods Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of measles in 2001-2011 and the strategy and measures to eliminate it were described. Results The average annual incidence of measles in 2001-2005 was 20.15 / 100 000 and the peak season of incidence was in January-May. Four towns around the county were high incidence townships. The onset age was the highest in August ~ <7 years old children and the measles cases were mainly There was no history of immunization, which was related to the weak links in the planned immunization management of children. Five outbreaks of measles and 1 death were reported. The average annual incidence rate of measles in 2006-2009 was 0.72 / 100,000, with a predominant distribution. 2010-2011 No case report in a year to achieve the goal of eliminating measles. Conclusion The low coverage rate of measles is the main reason of high incidence of measles. The implementation of measles vaccination and vaccination is an effective measure to eliminate measles. Pingguo County has achieved the goal of eliminating measles. We should continue to maintain and consolidate the immunization coverage of attenuated live attenuated measles vaccine in high-level susceptible populations and strengthen the monitoring of imported cases so as to achieve the goal of continuous elimination of measles.