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目的了解安徽省女生月经初潮年龄与体脂指标的关系以及不同地区测量分布情况,探寻月经初潮年龄的影响因素。方法按照2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的相关要求,测量安徽省合肥、宿州、池州3个地区城乡7~18岁汉族女生共4 844人的上臂、腹部、肩胛下皮褶厚度以及身高、体重、腰围、臀围等指标,计算体脂率、体质量指数(BMI)、腰高比和腰臀比;利用问卷调查女生月经初潮年龄,应用概率单位回归法计算月经初潮年龄。结果安徽省女生半数月经初潮平均年龄为11.95岁,合肥、池州和宿州3个地区女生月经初潮平均年龄分别为12.11岁、12.32岁和11.40岁。城乡女生半数月经初潮平均年龄分别为11.68岁和12.21岁,城乡相差0.53岁。9~13岁组初潮组中体脂率高的人数百分比比未初潮组多,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。应用对应分析体脂率、皮褶厚度与月经初潮年龄呈负相关。结论BMI、腰高比和腰臀比与月经初潮只存在一定关联性。安徽省女童月经初潮年龄与体脂指标密切相关。
Objective To understand the relationship between the age of menarche and the body fat index of girls in Anhui Province and the distribution of measurement in different areas and explore the influencing factors of the age of menarche. Methods According to the requirements of 2014 National Physical Fitness and Health Survey, 4 844 Han women aged 7-18 years old in urban and rural areas of Hefei, Suzhou and Chizhou in Anhui Province were measured for their upper arm, abdomen and subscapular skinfold thickness as well as height and weight Body mass index (BMI), waist-height ratio and waist-to-hip ratio were calculated. The age of menarche in girls was calculated by questionnaire, and the age of menarche was calculated by regression method. Results The average age of half of girls in Anhui Province was 11.95 years. The average age of menarche in girls in Hefei, Chizhou and Suzhou was 12.11, 12.32 and 11.40 years respectively. The average age of half of girls in urban and rural areas of menstruation was 11.68 years and 12.21 years respectively, the difference between urban and rural areas was 0.53 years. The percentage of body fat percentage in the menarche group was significantly higher than that in the non-menarche group (P <0.05). Application analysis of body fat percentage, skinfold thickness and age of menarche was negatively correlated. Conclusions BMI, waist-height ratio and waist-hip ratio have only some correlation with menarche. The age of menarche in Anhui Province is closely related to body fat index.