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目的识别某探测器核技术建设项目中的职业病危害因素及关键控制点,分析其来源及分布,提出防护措施。方法利用系统工程分析法、类比调查法识别和分析某探测器核技术建设项目职业病危害预评价中的职业病危害因素。结果本项目存在的化学性职业病危害因素以苯系物、二氯乙烷、甲醇、二氧化锡、异丙醇为主;物理性职业病危害因素为241Am放射性气溶胶、ɑ粒子、γ射线。类比项目旧厂工作场所职业病危害因素241Am放射性气溶胶、ɑ粒子、γ射线的个人剂量检测结果均符合放射卫生限值标准的要求。工频电场、酚醛树脂粉尘、噪声、铅烟、甲醇、二氧化锡、异丙醇、甲苯预计接触水平均符合国家职业接触限值标准。结论241Am放射性气溶胶、ɑ粒子、γ射线是本项目职业病危害因素的关键控制点,应完善职业病危害防护措施,从源头治理职业病危害,预防项目建成后职业病的发生。
Objective To identify occupational hazards and key control points in a nuclear detector construction project, analyze its source and distribution, and propose protective measures. Methods Systematic engineering analysis and analogical survey were used to identify and analyze occupational hazards in pre-evaluation of occupational hazards in a nuclear engineering construction project. Results The main occupational hazards in this project were benzene series, dichloroethane, methanol, tin dioxide and isopropanol. The physical occupational hazards were 241Am radioactive aerosols, ɑ particles and γ-rays. Analogy Project Occupational Hazard Factors in Old Workplaces The results of personal dose testing of 241Am radioactive aerosols, ɑ particles and γ-rays all meet the requirements of the radiation health limit standard. Power frequency electric field, phenolic resin dust, noise, lead smoke, methanol, tin dioxide, isopropanol and toluene are all expected to meet the national occupational exposure limits. Conclusion 241Am radioactive aerosols, ɑ particles and γ-rays are the key control points of occupational hazards in this project. Protective measures should be perfected to prevent occupational diseases from occurring at source and prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases after the completion of the project.