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目的探讨成人单纯性输尿管囊肿的诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析27例成人单纯性输尿管囊肿患者的临床资料。所有患者均经B超检查,部分患者还行静脉尿路造影(IVU)和(或)膀胱镜检查。治疗分别予经尿道输尿管囊肿电切开窗术或开放手术或观察随访。结果B超检查诊断符合率为77.78%(21/27),检查时可发现输尿管末端有圆形或类圆形的囊性肿物,典型病例并可见囊肿有膨大和缩小的节律性改变;IVU检查诊断符合率为71.43%(5/7),主要可见膀胱内有边界清晰的圆形或椭圆形充盈缺损;膀胱镜检查诊断符合率为100%(23/23),均可见输尿管口呈球形或椭球形囊肿样改变,伴有节律性的膨大和缩小。除2例观察随访外,25例均行手术,其中3例行开放手术,其余22例行经尿道电切开窗术,术后随访3～26个月,症状完全消失或明显减轻,肾脏积水减轻或消失,未见囊肿复发及膀胱输尿管应反流。结论输尿管囊肿对于成人单纯性输尿管囊肿而言,B超是必不可少的检查方法,膀胱镜是确诊的可靠方法,经尿道电切开窗术可作为首选的手术方式。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of simple ureteral cyst in adults. Methods The clinical data of 27 patients with simple ureteral cyst were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were B-ultrasound, some patients underwent intravenous urography (IVU) and (or) cystoscopy. Treatment were transurethral urethral cyst electrotomy or open surgery or observation follow-up. Results The coincidence rate of B-ultrasound diagnosis was 77.78% (21/27). The examination showed round or round cystic mass at the end of the ureter. The typical cases showed swollen and contracted rhythms of cysts. IVU The coincidence rate of examination and diagnosis was 71.43% (5/7). The most obvious round or oval filling defects were found in the bladder. The diagnostic coincidence rate of cystoscopy was 100% (23/23) Or ellipsoidal cyst-like changes, accompanied by rhythmic expansion and contraction. Except for 2 cases, all 25 cases underwent surgery, of which 3 cases underwent open surgery and the remaining 22 cases underwent transurethral resection of the urethra. The patients were followed up for 3 to 26 months. The symptoms disappeared completely or significantly, Water to reduce or disappear, no cyst recurrence and vesicoureteral reflux should be. Conclusions Ureter cyst For adult simple ureter cyst, B-ultrasound is an indispensable examination method. Cystoscopy is a reliable method for diagnosis. Transurethral electrosurgical excision may be the first choice of surgical procedure.