Recent progress in organic hole-transporting materials with 4-anisylamino-based end caps for efficie

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Perovskite solar cells(PVSCs)have emerged as a promising photovoltaic technology and have attracted wide research interest due to their outstanding photovoltaic performance,low cost,and the ability to fabricate large-area devices.An impressive certified power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 25.2% has been achieved,demon-strating the excellent potential of PVSCs for future appli-cations.Hole-transporting materials play a key role in improving the device performance of PVSCs by facilitating the extraction of photogenerated holes and their transport from the perovskite layer to the anode.This review pro-vides a brief introduction to PVSCs and summarizes the recent progress in small molecule hole-transporting mate-rials(SM-HTMs)bearing various cores and different 4-anisylamino-based end caps.We classify the end caps into N,N-di-4-anisylamino(DAA),4-(N,N-di-4-anisy-lamino)benzo(DAB),and N3,N6(or N2,N7)-bis(di-4-anisylamino)-9H-carbazole(3,6-DAC or 2,7-DAC)groups.We also review the core type,end cap position and number,how these affect the overall properties of the SM-HTMs,and the resultant PVSC device performances.Finally,the challenges and perspectives for the future development of SM-HTMs are presented.
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