民间秘密结社包括秘密会党和秘密教门。当义和团运动被镇压下去以后,中国社会并没有出现像历代农民运动失败后常见的长期沉寂局面,民间秘密结社的反洋教斗争尤其十分引人注目,而且性质和特点已经发生了显著的变化,在内容上已经远远超出了反洋教的范围,但同时也应该看到义和团运动后民间秘密结社反洋教斗争呈现出的复杂动向。 Folk secret associations include secret societies and secret teachings. When the Boxer movement was suppressed, Chinese society did not experience the long-term silence commonly seen after the defeat of the peasant movement of the past. Anti-foreign religious struggles in private-secret societies were particularly noticeable and their nature and characteristics had changed dramatically. The content has gone far beyond the scope of anti-oceanic religions, but at the same time, we should also see the complicated trends in the anti-foreign religious struggle of private-secret associations after the Boxer Rebellion.