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背景与目的:评价木瓜苷对ICR小鼠的胚胎毒性和致畸毒性,为其临床应用提供毒理学依据。材料与方法:ICR孕鼠随机分为5组:木瓜苷3个剂量组(83.1、332.5、1330.0mg/kg),阴性对照组[0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)]及阳性对照组[20mg/kg环磷酰胺(CP)]。阳性对照组于孕第10d肌肉一次注射CP0.01ml/g,其余各组均为孕第6～15d(胚胎器官形成期)灌胃给予0.02ml/g木瓜苷或CMC-Na,每组大于15只。在妊娠的第18d,颈椎脱臼处死,计数黄体数、胚胎着床数、活胎数、死胎数和吸收胎数;观察胎仔外观、性别并称量其体重后,将每窝1/2的活胎仔乙醇固定、2%氢氧化钾软化、茜素红染色、甘油透明后检查骨骼发育情况。另1/2活胎仔经Bouin’s液固定后,检查内脏发育情况。结果:在实验剂量范围内,木瓜苷各剂量组孕鼠的生殖能力、胚胎形成和胎仔外观、骨骼及内脏生长发育与阴性对照组相比差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),但木瓜苷1330.0mg/kg剂量组孕鼠总增重[(4.97±1.53)g]与阴性对照组[(6.59±1.37)g]相比明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:本实验条件下木瓜苷对小鼠无胚胎毒性和致畸毒性。
BACKGROUND & AIM: To evaluate the embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of glucosinolates in ICR mice and to provide toxicological basis for their clinical application. Materials and Methods: ICR pregnant mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: 3 doses of papaya (83.1, 332.5, 1330.0 mg/kg), negative control [0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na)] and positive Control group [20 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CP)]. The positive control group was injected with 0.01ml/g of CP on the 10th day of pregnancy, and the rest of the groups were on the 6th to 15th day of pregnancy (embryonic organ formation period), and 0.02ml/g of papain or CMC-Na was intragastrically administered. Each group was greater than 15 only. On the 18th day of gestation, the cervical dislocation was sacrificed, and the number of corpus luteum, the number of embryos implanted, the number of live fetuses, the number of stillbirths, and the number of absorbed fetuses were counted; after observing the appearance, sex, and weight of the fetus, 1/2 livelihood per litter was observed. Fetal ethanol fixation, 2% potassium hydroxide softening, alizarin red staining, glycerol transparency check the bone development. Another 1/2 of the living fetuses were fixed in Bouin’s fluid and examined for visceral development. RESULTS: Within the experimental dose range, there was no significant difference in the reproductive ability, embryonic development, fetal appearance, bone and visceral growth of pregnant rats in each dose group of J. chinensis (P>0.05). The total weight gain of pregnant rats in the 1330.0 mg/kg papaya group [(4.97±1.53) g] was significantly lower than that in the negative control group [(6.59±1.37) g], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the experimental conditions, the papaya has no embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in mice.