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在国家追诉主义的理念影响下,我国传统的刑事诉讼司法模式强调国家与被告人的关系,如何控制犯罪、维护国家利益、保障被告人的刑事诉讼权利,一直是我国刑事诉讼法学界研究的重点。然而作为犯罪直接受害者的被害人,在人身、财产和精神上受到损害后,却被有意无意地忽略了,其在刑事诉讼中往往只能充当“控方证人”或附带民事诉讼的原告。随着司法实践的发展,我国刑事诉讼立法忽视被害人权利所引发的一系列社会问题逐渐显现,建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度已是刻不容缓的问题。
Under the influence of the concept of national prosecution, the traditional judicial mode of criminal procedure in our country emphasizes the relationship between the state and the defendant, and how to control the crime, defend the national interests and protect the defendant’s right of criminal procedure has always been the focus of the study of criminal procedure law in China. . However, as a direct victim of crime, victims of personal, property and mental damage have been neglected intentionally or unintentionally, and they often can only serve as “prosecution witnesses” or plaintiffs with civil litigation in criminal proceedings . With the development of judicial practice, a series of social problems triggered by the negation of victims’ rights have gradually emerged in our country’s criminal procedure legislation. It is an urgent issue to establish the state compensation system for criminal victims.