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目的调查气候性滴状角膜变性(CDK)在内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区的发病情况,并初步分析其相关因素。方法对内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区牧业四旗进行人群抽样调查,共调查2558人,其中游牧人群1210人,农耕人群1348人,并对可能相关因素进行问卷调查。结果调查人群中发病年龄最小为20岁,总患病率为21.6%,男性为21.7%,女性为21.6%,男女患病率和严重程度差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.88,1.87,P=0.090,0.3929);患病率随年龄增加而增高,40岁以上人群患病率为38.9%;20岁以上人群中1级病变311人,占15.3%,2级病变242人,占11.9%,未发现3级病变患者;牧业四旗之间患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=38.12,P=0.00);游牧人群患病率和严重程度明显高于农耕人群,二者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=630.41,P=0.00);调查发现:巴尔虎蒙古族患病率最高(52.8%),其次为布力亚特蒙古族(46.5%)、鄂温克族(40.8%),达斡尔族(1.6%)、汉族(1.3%)和科尔沁蒙古族(0.8%)最低,各民族患病率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=646.19,P=0.00);通过相关因素分析发现CDK与年龄、放牧时间、民族及生活方式相关。结论CDK在内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区患病率较高,游牧人群高于农耕人群;不同民族患病率不同,其发生及严重程度与放牧时间、年龄、民族及生活方式有关。
Objective To investigate the incidence of clonal degeneration of keratinocytes (CDK) in Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia, and to analyze its related factors. Methods A population sampling survey was carried out on four flags of animal husbandry in Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia. A total of 2558 people were surveyed, among which 1210 were nomads and 1348 were farmers. Questionnaires were also made on possible related factors. Results The minimum age at onset was 20 years in the surveyed population. The overall prevalence was 21.6% in men, 21.7% in men and 21.6% in women. There was no significant difference in prevalence and severity between men and women (χ2 = 2.88,1.87, P = 0.090,0.3929). The prevalence increased with age, the prevalence rate was 38.9% in people over 40 years old, 311 grade 1 patients (15.3%) and grade 2 disease (11.9%) in people over 20 years old, No grade 3 lesions were found; the prevalence rates of the four animal husbandry flags were statistically significant (χ2 = 38.12, P = 0.00); the prevalence and severity of the nomadic population were significantly higher than that of the farming population (Χ2 = 630.41, P = 0.00). The survey found that the Mongolian Mongolian prevalence rate was the highest (52.8%), followed by the Buryat Mongolian (46.5%), the Ewenki (40.8%), (1.6%), Han (1.3%) and Horqin Mongolian (0.8%). The prevalence rates of ethnic groups were statistically significant (χ2 = 646.19, P = 0.00). Correlation analysis showed that CDK And age, grazing time, ethnic and lifestyle related. Conclusion The prevalence of CDK is higher in Hulun Buir, Inner Mongolia. The nomadic population is higher than that of farmers. The prevalence of CDK varies with different ethnic groups. The occurrence and severity of CDK are related to grazing time, age, ethnicity and lifestyle.