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研究牧民对草原生态保护补助奖励机制的受偿意愿,对完善新一轮(2016-2020)的草原生态补奖机制具有重要意义。选取甘肃省玛曲县为研究区域,通过条件价值评估法(CVM)调查研究区牧民对当前实施的减畜政策的态度和受偿意愿,初步的统计分析发现,被访牧户中有59.81%的牧户愿意减畜,而40.19%的不愿意减畜的牧户认为当前实施的补偿标准太低,无法弥补因减畜造成的家庭经济损失。通过计量模型分析发现:牧户对减畜的支持态度主要与家庭劳动力负担系数、草场承包规模、联户情况、草场健康状况以及牲畜规模呈正相关,与草场租赁情况呈负相关;而牧户对减畜的受偿意愿额度主要由牧户受教育年限、家庭牧业收入、草场承包规模、牲畜规模以及联户情况等决定;根据CVM法估算了被访牧户的受偿意愿的期望值为E(WTA)=12.61元/亩,而通过Tobit模型计算了被访牧户户均理论受偿意愿值为WTA=12.16元/亩,但在政策实施中玛曲县草畜平衡奖励标准为2.18元/亩,进一步说明现行补偿标准明显偏低。
Studying the herders’ willingness to pay for the grassland eco-protection subsidy reward system is of great significance for perfecting the new round of grassland eco-subsidy mechanism (2016-2020). Maqu County in Gansu Province was chosen as the research area to investigate the pastoralists’ attitudes towards the current implementation of the livestock reduction policy and their willingness to pay compensation through the CVM method. A preliminary statistical analysis showed that 59.81% Of herdsmen are willing to cut their livestock while 40.19% of herders who are unwilling to reduce their livestock think the current compensation standards are too low to make up for the loss of the family’s economy due to the reduction of livestock. Through the econometric model analysis, it is found that the support attitude of livestock households to livestock reduction is mainly related to the family labor affordability, grassland contracting scale, affiliate status, grassland health status and livestock size, and is negatively related to pasture leasing; The amount of reduction of the willingness to reduce livestock is mainly determined by the number of years of education of the herdsmen, the income of family grazing, the scale of the pasture contracted, the size of the livestock and the status of affiliates. According to CVM, the expected value of the willingness of the interviewed herders to be E (WTA) = 12.61 yuan / mu, while Tobit’s model calculates that WTP is WTA = 12.16 yuan / mu. However, in the implementation of the policy, the compensation standard of livestock and poultry in Maqu County is 2.18 yuan / Mu, which further shows that the current compensation standard is obviously low.