Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen presenting cells (APCs),and are able to induce tissue like kidney immune-inflammatory responses.1,2 DCs can either stimulate immune responses or induce immune tolerance,according to its mature states.1 DCs undergo a series of maturational steps that allow them to up-regulate surface adhesion molecules and co-stimulation molecules,as well as increase secretion of interleukin (IL)-12,all of which have the pivotal effects on DC functions.1 Several cytokines are known to contribute to this process.Renal diseases are immune-inflammatory diseases.In their immunopathological injury processes,many cytokines in the network of mutual promotion or antagonism modulate the balance of Th1/Th2 immune responses that alter the development of diseases.Previous studies showed that IL-12 produced by DCs and monocyte/phagocyte in the inflammatory tissues could induce the differentiation of Th0 cells to Th1 cells,thus involved in renal immune-inflammatory development and injury.