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梳理西藏农牧区医疗制度的发展历史:1959—1996年属于免费医疗时期;1997—2002年属于全面推行合作医疗时期;2003年至今为建立农牧区医疗制度时期。总结西藏农牧区医疗制度所取得的主要成绩:农牧民参合率实现100%,补偿力度不断提高;医疗补偿专项资金落实到位,监管力度不断提高;农牧民医药费用负担有效减轻,受益水平不断提高。分析西藏农牧区医疗制度尚存在的问题:医疗经办管理机构不健全,管理手段极其落后;医疗费用筹资水平有限,基金抗风险力量较弱;农牧区医疗制度发展存在不利因素,宏观管理政策亟待完善。巩固发展西藏农牧区医疗制度的政策建议:调整管理政策和措施,进一步完善农牧区医疗制度;加快信息化建设,提高农牧区医疗管理水平;进一步提高医疗经费筹资水平,加大基金监管力度;加强医疗经办机构建设,提高经办机构服务能力。
Combing the history of the development of the medical system in Tibet’s rural and pastoral areas: 1959-1996 was a period of free medical care; from 1997 to 2002, it belonged to the period of full implementation of the cooperative medical care; and from 2003 to now, it was the period of establishing the medical system in rural and pastoral areas. Summarized the major achievements made by the medical system in Tibet’s rural and pastoral areas: the participation rate of farmers and herdsmen reached 100% and the compensation was continuously improved; the special funds for medical compensation were put in place and supervision was continuously improved; the burden of medical expenses for farmers and herdsmen was effectively reduced and the benefit level Continuous improving. Analysis of existing problems in the medical system in Tibet’s rural and pastoral areas: inadequate management and administration of medical institutions and extremely backward management means; limited funding for medical expenses and a weak anti-risk fund; unfavorable factors in the development of the medical system in rural and pastoral areas; macro-management Policy needs improvement. To consolidate and develop the policies and measures for the development of the medical system in Tibet’s rural and pastoral areas: To adjust management policies and measures to further improve the medical system in rural and pastoral areas; To speed up the construction of informatization to improve the medical management in rural areas and herdsmen’s areas; To further raise the level of medical funding and increase fund supervision Strengthen the construction of medical agencies and improve the handling capacity of handling agencies.