在反射地震学中,强相干噪声通常使资料质量变得很差。这些噪声可分为三类:直达波、环境噪声、散射波。直达波至直接从炮点传播到接收点。由于它的波至时间只取决于炮检距和传播速度,因此在2-D和3-D地震中都可以采用叠加组合、偏移组合和各种相干滤波方法来有效地压制它。值得注意的是要成功地压制直达波噪声,要求我们使用恰当的空间采样,而且通常采用野外组 In reflection seismology, coherent noise often makes data quality poor. The noise can be divided into three categories: direct wave, ambient noise, scattered waves. The direct wave reaches directly from the shot to the receiving point. Since its wave arrival time depends only on the offset and propagation velocity, it is possible to suppress it effectively in both 2-D and 3-D earthquakes using overlay combinations, offset combinations and various coherence filtering methods. It is noteworthy that successful suppression of direct wave noise requires us to use appropriate spatial sampling,