小儿急性肾功能衰竭(简称肾衰)的原发病以肾炎为多,约占60％,其它为感染、药物或毒物中毒。3岁以下多为先天性肾畸形所致,5岁以上常由肾炎和肾病引起。有些医生对小儿用药量掌握得不好,药物中毒所致的急性肾衰,经常可以发生。病例陈×,女,2岁。因一周来尿少、浮肿住院。患儿于入院前半个月腹泻,为黄色、水样稀便,每日十余次。发病当天肌注黄连素和庆大霉素各1支。第2天肌注黄 Pediatric acute renal failure (referred to as renal failure) of the primary disease with nephritis as much, about 60%, the other for the infection, drug or poisoning. More than 3 years of age due to congenital renal deformity caused by more than 5 years old often caused by nephritis and nephropathy. Some doctors have poor grasp of pediatric medication, and acute renal failure due to drug poisoning can often occur. Case of Chen ×, female, 2 years old. Urine less due to a week, edema hospitalization. Children in the first half of admission diarrhea, yellow, loose stools, more than ten times a day. The incidence of intramuscular injection of berberine and gentamicin each one. Day 2 muscle injection yellow