为了消弭因明清更迭而造成的社会动荡和满汉文化间的冲突,以及寻找适合新政权掌控的有效治理模式,清统治者经过一番艰难抉择,逐渐意识到礼之于政治和社会的重要性,遂对传统礼文化加以新的审视,进而从思想和制度等层面进行了探寻和制作。经由顺、康、雍三朝的酝酿,至乾隆朝而形成规模、系统,其影响则一直持续到清季。清廷的此一取向,既缘于其政治文化治策调适和君主专制集权强化的需要,也是对传统“制礼作乐”理想之治的新尝试。其利弊得失,为后世提供了一个反思的镜鉴。 In order to eliminate the social turmoil caused by the change of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the cultural clashes between Manchu and Han, and to find effective governance models that are in control of the new regime, the Qing rulers made a difficult choice and gradually realized the importance of politeness in politics and society Therefore, we should take a new look at the traditional courtesy culture, and then explore and produce from the aspects of thought and system. Through the brewing of Shun, Kang and Yong dynasties, the scale and system were formed in the Qianlong dynasty and its influence lasted until the end of the Qing dynasty. This orientation of the Qing court is both due to its political and cultural adjustment and the need of monarchy’s totalitarian government. It is also a new attempt to rule the traditional ideal of “courtesy and courtesy.” The advantages and disadvantages of the pros and cons for future generations to provide a mirror of reflection.