现代社会是信息社会,人们常常需要收集数据,根据所获得的数据提取有价值的信息,作出合理的决策.统计是研究如何合理收集、整理、分析数据的科学,它可以为人们制定决策提供依据.在搜集到合理的样本数据后,要对数据进行处理分析,重点是计算一些样本特征数,利用样本特征数去估计总体,得出有用的结论.下面介绍常用的样本特征数及其应用. Modern society is an information society. People often need to collect data, extract valuable information based on the data obtained, and make reasonable decisions. Statistics is the science of how to collect, sort, and analyze data reasonably. It can provide a basis for people to make decisions. After collecting reasonable sample data, it is necessary to process and analyze the data. The main point is to calculate the number of sample features, use the sample feature number to estimate the population, and come up with useful conclusions. The following describes commonly used sample feature numbers and their applications.