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肺保护性通气的目的是达到和维持适当的肺气体交换,注重各重要脏器功能的保护和尽量避免呼吸机相关性肺损伤的发生,减少患儿呼吸作功,并使患儿处于最舒适状态。新生儿肺保护性通气策略主要包括尽可能利用患儿的自主呼吸和采用自主或部分辅助通气模式、低容量通气、低压力通气、允许性低氧血症、允许性高碳酸血症和脑保护策略等多方面。现对新生儿常见疾病如早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征、胎粪吸入综合征、持续肺动脉高压、肺出血和早产儿呼吸暂停等机械通气策略及方法进行介绍。
The purpose of lung protection ventilation is to achieve and maintain the proper exchange of lung gas, pay attention to the protection of the function of various vital organs and to avoid the occurrence of ventilator-associated lung injury as much as possible to reduce the work of breathing in children, and to make children at the most comfortable status. Neonatal lung protection ventilation strategies include the best use of children’s spontaneous breathing and use of autonomic or partial assisted ventilation, low volume ventilation, low pressure ventilation, permissive hypoxemia, permissive hypercapnia and brain protection Strategy and many more. Now common diseases such as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, meconium aspiration syndrome, persistent pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary hemorrhage and apnea and other mechanical ventilation strategies and methods are introduced.