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倒茬和轮作的作用总括起来说就是合理使用地力,防治病虫害,抑制杂草,恰当利用劳力和动力,有利于充分发挥社会主义计划农业的作用。但它也有缺陷,那就是对农业生产专业化有一定限制。既搞轮作,就不是种一种作物,因而在机具、农药、肥料、种子、农田基本建设、农业技术措施等都要从几方面考虑,比较复杂。有的时候,如搞水旱轮作还要多花工。但是,通盘考虑还是利多而弊少。在美国、日本都曾有过自由种植的提倡,结果是连年种植同一作物,土壤有机质耗损,地力降低,产量不稳。由此看来,轮作在现代化农业中仍然保持着它的地位。轮作到底有哪些好处呢?
In a nutshell, the role of stubble and rotation is to use the fertility rationally, control pests and diseases, restrain weeds, make proper use of labor and motivation, and give full play to the role of socialist plan agriculture. But it also has its drawbacks, that is, there are certain restrictions on the specialization of agricultural production. Since we are engaged in crop rotation, we do not grow a kind of crop. Therefore, we must consider these aspects in terms of machinery, pesticides, fertilizers, seeds, farmland infrastructures, and agricultural technology measures in a more complicated way. In some cases, such as hydroponics, but also more flowers. However, there are few advantages and disadvantages to consider. In the United States and Japan, there have been advocates of free planting. As a result, the same crop has been planted year after year. Soil organic matter is depleted, soil fertility is reduced, and output is unstable. From this, the rotation still retains its place in modern agriculture. What are the benefits of the rotation?