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本文梳理了指导我国农业保险市场建设的相关理论,着重对在国内流行已久的关于农险是(准)公共品的认识提出了反驳。本文强调了低收入经济中农险市场运行的特殊性,从农业保险能否保障收入以及农险的公共品属性是否可以等同于粮食的公共品属性等两个方面提出了不同意见。本文认为,农险不是公共品,中国农险市场并非市场失灵,而是市场缺失,其原因在于农险制度建设的高昂的固定成本和农险需求的相对不足。据此,本文提出了相应的政策建议。
This paper combs the relevant theories that guide the construction of China’s agricultural insurance market and puts forward a counter-argument to the knowledge that peasant insurance is (quasi-) public goods, which has long been popular in China. This paper emphasizes the peculiarities of the agricultural insurance market in low-income economy, and puts forward different opinions from two aspects: whether agricultural insurance can guarantee income and whether the public goods attributes of agricultural insurance can be equal to the public goods attributes of food. This paper argues that agricultural insurance is not a public good and that China’s agricultural market is not a market failure but a lack of markets because of the high fixed costs of building a rural insurance system and the relative insufficiency of agricultural demand. Accordingly, this paper put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.