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隐喻的概念是多方面和多功能的。人体隐喻是一种重要的基本隐喻。在所有的人体名词当中,“心”是十分重要的一个。这一方面是由于“心”具有很强的语义特性,更为重要的是,“心”这一词汇是语言世界图景的重要组成部分,对于我们了解不同语言的人体名词的隐喻特征与机制十分关键。本文首先考察了人体名词的定义和分类,并通过“朴素-解剖”成分对“心”和其俄语对应词汇“сердце”进行了语义分析。最终,本文两个词汇的隐喻认知对比进行了考察,分析了汉俄两个民族对这一词汇在隐喻上使用功能的不同,并分析了其背后隐藏的文化原因。
The concept of metaphor is multifaceted and versatile. Human metaphor is an important basic metaphor. Among all human nouns, “heart” is a very important one. This is partly due to the strong semantic features of “heart ”. More importantly, the term “heart ” is an important part of the picture of the language world. It is a metaphor for our understanding of human nouns in different languages Features and mechanisms are crucial. This paper first examines the definition and classification of human nouns and conducts semantic analysis of “сердце ” and its corresponding vocabulary “сердце ” by “Naive - Anatomy ” composition. Finally, the comparison of the metaphorical cognition of the two words in this thesis is investigated, and the differences in the metaphorical functions of the two languages between China and Russia are analyzed, and the cultural reasons hidden behind it are analyzed.