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通过膜下滴灌田间试验,采用根钻双向采样法,研究了不同灌溉量(2618、2947、3600和4265m3·hm-2)对棉花根系分布、地上部分生长及产量的影响.结果表明:不同灌溉量影响棉花根系及地上部分生长状况.各水分处理棉花根系主要分布在膜下,占根系总生物量的60.65%～73.45%,而膜间占39.35%～26.55%.水分亏缺增加了根系下扎深度和深层根系生物量,增大了根系水平分布范围.不同水分处理棉花生物学特性及干物质累积与分配存在显著差异.水分过量处理(4265m3·hm-2)的棉花株高、倒四叶宽、果枝数、蕾数均增加,干物质积累速率加快,根冠比及干物质在营养器官中的分配比例增大,生物产量提高,但同时蕾铃脱落率也增加,经济产量的形成受到抑制.水分亏缺或过量都影响棉花干物质在不同器官及不同生育时期的累积与分配,使产量降低.本试验条件下3600m3·hm-2是最适宜的灌溉量.
The effects of different irrigation amount (2618, 2947, 3600 and 4265m3 · hm-2) on root distribution, aboveground part growth and yield of cotton were studied by field experiment of drip irrigation under film and bi-directional root sampling method.The results showed that under different irrigation The amount affected the growth of cotton roots and aboveground parts.The roots of cotton under water treatment were mainly distributed under the membrane, accounting for 60.65% -73.45% of the total biomass of the roots, while the membrane between them accounted for 39.35% ~ 26.55% .Water deficit increased root system Depth and deep roots biomass increased the root distribution range.The biological characteristics and dry matter accumulation and distribution of cotton treated with different water treatments were significantly different.Water excess cotton treatment (4265m3 · hm-2) Leaf width, number of fruit branches and buds increased, the rate of dry matter accumulation accelerated, the ratio of root-shoot ratio and dry matter in vegetative organs increased, and the biological yield increased, but at the same time, Was inhibited.Water deficit or excessive affect the accumulation and distribution of cotton dry matter in different organs and different growth stages, so that the yield reduced.Under this experimental conditions, 3600m3 · hm-2 is the most appropriate irrigation.