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Z轴提升量与单层堆积高度的匹配是高质量倾斜薄壁件激光熔覆成形的关键因素,因此,提出变Z轴提升量法对圆弧截面倾斜薄壁件进行熔覆成形。在三轴开环条件下,通过熔覆成形竖直和倾斜薄壁件试验,得到偏移量ΔX与提升量ΔZ之间的关系曲线。结果表明,随着偏移量的增大,提升量逐渐减小,且当ΔX在0.06~0.08 mm区间段时ΔZ减小最快;成形的倾斜件最大倾斜角为36.6°。由关系曲线计算出圆弧等分点处的偏移量和提升量构成二维数组,再用Matlab对数组按圆弧形状筛选组合,模拟出优化的截面轨迹规划路径。采用模拟得到的逐层偏移量和提升量组合,熔覆136层,成形出圆弧截面倾斜薄壁件,成形高度尺寸最大偏差0.78 mm,与模拟结果相符,验证了变Z轴提升量法熔覆成形圆弧截面倾斜薄壁件的有效性。
The matching of Z-axis lift and single-layer stacking height is the key factor for laser cladding of high-quality sloping thin-walled parts. Therefore, a variable Z-axis lift method is proposed to clad the sloping thin-walled parts with circular section. Under the triaxial open-loop condition, the relationship between the offset ΔX and the lift amount ΔZ is obtained by means of cladding test of the vertical and inclined thin-walled parts. The results show that as the offset increases, the amount of lift decreases gradually, and ΔZ decreases the fastest when ΔX is in the range of 0.06 ~ 0.08 mm. The maximum inclined angle of the formed inclined member is 36.6 °. From the relation curve, the offset and lift of the arc equinox are calculated to form a two-dimensional array, and then the array of arcs is filtered and combined by Matlab to simulate the optimized path planning path. Using the layer-by-layer offset and lift combination obtained by the simulation, 136 layers of cladding were formed and a thin-walled section with a circular arc section was formed. The maximum deviation of forming height was 0.78 mm, which was in good agreement with the simulation results. The Effectiveness of Cladding Forming Circular Arc Slanted Thin Wall Part.